Biophysics : Aspects of Amino Acids Sequence in Proteins and Nucleotide Sequence in Nucleic Acids (2025)

nucleotide and nucleic acid

Protein sequences as a "literary" text

Doklady. Biochemistry and biophysics

Direct interaction between amino acids and nucleotides as a possible physicochemical basis for the origin of the genetic code

Advances in Space Research, 1995

A study of the association of homocodonic amino acids and selected heterocodonic amino acids with selected nucleotides in aqueous solution was undertaken to examine a possible physical basis for the origin of codon assignments.

Understanding biochemistry: structure and function of nucleic acids

Essays in Biochemistry, 2019

Nucleic acids, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), carry genetic information which is read in cells to make the RNA and proteins by which living things function. The well-known structure of the DNA double helix allows this information to be copied and passed on to the next generation. In this article we summarise the structure and function of nucleic acids. The article includes a historical perspective and summarises some of the early work which led to our understanding of this important molecule and how it functions; many of these pioneering scientists were awarded Nobel Prizes for their work. We explain the structure of the DNA molecule, how it is packaged into chromosomes and how it is replicated prior to cell division. We look at how the concept of the gene has developed since the term was first coined and how DNA is copied into RNA (transcription) and translated into protein (translation).

BIOMOLECULES ( INTRODUCTION , STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS ) Nucleic acids

2008

Composition of nucleic acids Generalized structural units of nucleic acids Nucleosides Nucleotides or Nucleoside 5'-triphosphates Oligonucleotides Nomenclature of nucleic acids Structural levels of nucleic acids Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) Ribonucleic acid (RNA) Structure Types of RNA Messenger RNA (mRNA) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Transfer RNA (tRNA) Heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA)

Effective Variations of related Physicochemical Properties of Nucleotides Leading to Amino Acids for Characterizing Genes and Proteins

The aim of this paper is to make quantitative analysis of the properties which is really being carried from DNA sequence and finally landing up to the properties of a protein structure through its primary protein sequence. Thus, the paper has a theory which is applicable for any arbitrary DNA sequence whether it is of various species or mutated data or a bunch of genes responsible for a function to be occurred. Irrespective to genes of any families, species, wild type or mutated, our paper here gives a standard model which defines a mapping between physicochemical properties of any arbitrary DNA sequence and physicochemical properties of its amino acid sequence. Experiments have been carried out with PPCA protein family and its four homologs PPC(B E) which establishes that DNA sequence keeps its signature even after its translation into the corresponding amino acid sequence.

Numbering of the twenty proteinogenic amino acids

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2022

By proposing a numbering of the twenty proteinogenic amino acids deduced from the physicochemical properties of the four coding DNA nucleobases, it is established that this amino acid number, equal to 5x entities, is not arbitrary. Indeed, we demonstrate that many attributes of these twenty amino acids, as a whole, are also 5x in number and that by isolating, since their numbering, the 3x peripheral amino acids from the 2x internal ones, these attributes are divided into ratios of 3/2 as exact value. This is verified both as the physicochemical properties of the 20 amino acids and as the coding configurations of the nucleobases, the source of this numbering.

Amino Acids and Proteins

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 1951

Amino acids peptide and proteins

An operational RNA code for amino acids and possible relationship to genetic code

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 1993

RNA helical ofigonucleotides that recapitulate the acceptor stems of ransfer RNAs, and that are devoid of the anticodon trinucleotides of the genetic code, are aminoacylated by aminoacyl